webdriverio-cucumber-js

A debuggable JS BDD framework using webdriver.io (the Selenium 2.0 bindings for NodeJS),nodeJs and cucumber-js, complete with built-in API Testing.

Installation

npm install webdriverio-cucumber-js 
#

# To run your test locally, you'll need a local selenium server running, you can install and launch a selenium standalone server with chrome, firefox and phantomjs drivers via the following commands in a seperate terminal:

npm install selenium-standalone@latest -g --save-dev
selenium-standalone install
selenium-standalone start

Usage

node ./node_modules/webdriverio-cucumber-js/index.js -s ./step-definitions
or
node index.js -d -t @search

Options

-h, --help                   output usage information
-v, --version                output the version number
-s, --steps <path>           path to step definitions. defaults to ./step-definitions
-p, --pageObjects <path>     path to page objects. defaults to ./page-objects
-o, --sharedObjects [paths]  path to shared objects - repeatable. defaults to ./shared-objects
-b, --browser <path>         name of browser to use. defaults to chrome
-r, --reports <path>         output path to save reports. defaults to ./reports
-d, --disableTestReport [optional]  disables the test report from opening after test completion
-t, --tags <tagName>         name of tag to run

By default tests are run using Google Chrome, to run tests using another browser supply the name of that browser along with the -b switch. Available options are:

Browser	Example
Chrome	-b chrome
Firefox	-b firefox
Phantom JS	-b phantomjs

Feature files

A feature file is a Business Readable, Domain Specific Language file that lets you describe software’s behaviour without detailing how that behaviour is implemented. Feature files are written using the Gherkin syntax and must live in a folder named features within the root of your project.

duckDuckGo-search.feature

Feature: Searching for apps with duckduckgo
  As an internet user
  In order to find out more about certain user apps
  I want to be able to search for information about the required apps

  Background:
    Given The user arrives on the duckduckgo search page

  Scenario Outline: User inputs some search data
    When they input <searchword>
    Then they should see some results

    Examples:
      |searchword |
      |britian's got talent |
      |angry birds          |

The browser automatically closes after each scenario to ensure the next scenario uses a fresh browser environment.

Step definitions

Step definitions act as the glue between features files and the actual system under test.

To avoid confusion always return a JavaScript promise your step definition in order to let cucumber know when your task has completed.

// ./step-definitions/duckDuckGo-search-steps.js

module.exports = function () {

    this.Then(/^I should see some results$/, function(){

            /** driver waitUntil returns a promise so return that */
            return driver.waitUntil(driver.element('div.g'), 10000).then(function(){

                /** return the promise of an element to the following then. */
                return driver.element('div.g')
            })
            .then(function(elements){

                /** verify this element has children */
                expect(elements.length).to.not.equal(0);
            })
        });
};

The following variables are available within the Given(), When() and Then() functions:

Variable	Description
driver	an instance of web driver (the browser)
webdriverio	the raw webdriver module, providing access to static properties/methods
page	collection of page objects loaded from disk and keyed by filename
shared	collection of shared objects loaded from disk and keyed by filename
helpers	a collection of helper methods things webdriver.io does not provide but really should!
expect	instance of chai expect to expect('something').to.equal('something')
assert	instance of chai assert to assert.isOk('everything', 'everything is ok')
trace	handy trace method to log console output with increased visibility
fs	exposes fs (file system) for use globally
dir	exposes dir for getting an array of files, subdirectories or both
request	exposes the request-promise for API testing
date	exposes the date method for logs and reports
log	exposes the log method for output to files and emailing
envConfig	exposes the global environment configuration file

Page objects

Page objects are accessible via a global page object and are automatically loaded from ./page-objects (or the path specified using the -p switch). Page objects are exposed via a camel-cased version of their filename, for example ./page-objects/duckDuckGo-search.js becomes page.duckDuckGoSearch.

Page objects also have access to the same runtime variables available to step definitions.

An example page object:

// ./page-objects/duckDuckGo-search.js

module.exports = {

    /** test searching for inputted data
     */
    url: 'https://duckduckgo.com/',

    /** enters a search term into ebay's search box and presses enter
     * @param {string} searchWord
     * @returns {Promise} a promise to enter the search values
     */
    performSearch: function (searchWord) {

        let elements = {
            searchInput: ('#search_form_input_homepage'),
            searchResultLink: ('div.g > h3 > a')
        };

        let selector = elements.searchInput;

        return driver.setValue(selector, searchWord).then(function(){
            
            return driver.click('#search_button_homepage')
        });
    }
};

And its usage within a step definition:

// ./step-definitions/duckDuckGo-search-steps.js

     this.Then(/^The user arrives on the duckduckgo search page$/, function() {
            return helpers.loadPage(page.duckDuckGoSearch.url, 10)
        });
    
        this.Then(/^they input (.*)$/, function(searchWord) {
    
                /** use a method on the page object which also returns a promise */
                return page.duckDuckGoSearch.performSearch(searchWord);
        });

CSS regression functionality with webdriverCSS

Automatic visual regression testing, gives the ability to take and save fullpage screenshots or of specific parts of the application / page under test.

You will need to have GraphicsMagick preinstalled on your system because WebdriverCSS uses it for image processing. To install GraphicsMagick follow the instructions here .

// ./runtime/helpers.js

cssImages: function(pageName){
    return driver.webdrivercss(pageName, {
        name: '',
        elem: ''
    })
}

And its usage within a step definition:

module.exports = function (){

    this.Then(/^they should see some results$/, function() {
            return driver.waitUntil(driver.element('div.g'), 10).then(function(){
                return driver.element('div.g')
            })
                .then(function(elements){
                    expect(elements.length).to.not.equal(0);
                }).then(function(){
                    
                    /** Take an image of the page under test */
                    return helpers.cssImages('search')
                })
        });
};

API Testing functionality with request-promise

Getting something from a JSON REST API

// ./runtime/helpers.js
 getAPI: function (endpoint) {
        let endPoint = (endpoint);
        
        let options = {
            method: 'GET',
            url: endPoint,
            json: true,
            simple: false,
            resolveWithFullResponse: true,
        };
        
        return request(options)
        .then(function (response, err) {
            if (err) {
               // API call failed
            }
            // API call is successful
        });
    },

Shared objects

Shared objects allow you to share anything from test data to helper methods throughout your project via a global shared object. Shared objects are automatically loaded from ./shared-objects (or the path specified using the -o switch) and made available via a camel-cased version of their filename, for example ./shared-objects/test-data.js becomes shared.testData.

Shared objects also have access to the same runtime variables available to step definitions.

An example shared object:

// ./shared-objects/test-data.js

module.exports = {
    username: "import-test-user",
    password: "import-test-pa**word"
}

And its usage within a step definition:

module.exports = function () {

    this.Given(/^I am logged in"$/, function () {

        driver.setValue('usn', shared.testData.username);
        driver.setValue('pass', shared.testData.password);
    });
};

Reports

HTML and JSON reports are automatically generated and stored in the default ./reports folder. This location can be changed by providing a new path using the -r command line switch:

Event handlers

You can register event handlers for the following events within the cucumber lifecycle.

Event	Example
BeforeFeature	this.BeforeFeatures(function(feature, callback) {})
BeforeScenario	this.BeforeScenario(function(scenario, callback) {});
AfterFeature	this.AfterFeature(function(feature, callback) {});
AfterScenario	this.AfterScenario(function(scenario, callback) {});

How to debug

Most webdriverio methods return a JavaScript Promise that is resolved when the method completes. The easiest way to step in with a debugger is to add a .then method to a selenium function and place a debugger statement within it, for example:

module.exports = function () {

    this.When(/^I search DuckDuckGo for "([^"]*)"$/, function (searchQuery, done) {

        driver.element('#search_form_input_homepage').then(function(input) {
            expect(input).to.exist;
            debugger; // <<- your IDE should step in at this point, with the browser open
            return input;
        })
        .then(function(input){
            input.setValue(selector, searchQuery);
            input.setValue(selector, 'Enter');

            done(); // <<- let cucumber know you're done
        });
    });
};

Default directory structure

You can use the framework without any command line arguments if your application uses the following folder structure:

.
├── features
│   └── duckDuckGo-search.feature
├── step-definitions
│   └── duckDuckGo-search-steps.js
├── page-objects
│   └── duckDuckGo-search.js
└── shared-objects
│   ├── test-data.js
│   └── stuff.json
└── reports
    ├── cucumber-report.json
    └── cucumber-report.html

Bugs

Please raise bugs via the webdriverio-cucumber-js issue tracker and, if possible, please provide enough information to allow the bug to be reproduced.

Contributing

Anyone can contribute to this project simply by opening an issue here or fork the project and issue a pull request with suggested improvements. In lieu of a formal styleguide, please take care to maintain the existing coding style.

Credits

Webdriverio-cucumber-js was originally derived from John Doherty's, selenium-cucumber-js as of December 2016 it has been completely independent of the that project. Since the fork many improvements and changes have been made including the complete move from selenium webdriver to webdriverio still using the open development model without breaking the utilities operation.

License

MIT License © Larry Goddard