Parser builder

Synopsis

Writing parsers is quite a common but sometimes lengthy task. To ease this process atok-parser leverages the atok tokenizer and performs the basic steps to set up a streaming parser, such as:

• Automatically instantiate a tokenizer with provided options
• Provide a mechanism to locate an error in the input data
  • track([Boolean]): keep track of the line and column positions to be used when building errors. Note that when set, tracking incurs a performance penalty.
• Proxy basic node.js streaming methods: write(), end(), pause() and resume()
• Proxy basic node.js streaming events (note that [data] and [end] are not automatically proxied) and some of atok
  • [drain]
  • [debug]
• Provide preset variables within the parser constructor
  • atok {Object}: atok tokenizer instance
  • self {Object}: this
• Provide helpers that simplify parsing rules (see below for description)
  • whitespace()
  • number()
  • float()
  • word()
  • string()
  • utf8()
  • chunk()
  • stringList()
  • match()
  • noop()
  • wait()

Download

It is published on node package manager (npm). To install, do:

npm install atok-parser

Usage

A silly example to illustrate the various pre defined variables and parser definition. It parses a flot number and returns the value via its #parse method.

function myParser (options) {
    function handler (num) {
        // The options are set from the myParser function parameters
        // self is already set to the Parser instance
        if ( options.check && !isFinite(num) )
            return self.emit('error', new Error('Invalid float: ' + num))

        self.emit('data', num)
    }
    // the float() and whitespace() helpers are provided by atok-parser
    atok.float(handler)
    atok.whitespace()
}

var Parser = require('..').createParser(myParser)

// Add the #parse() method to the Parser
Parser.prototype.parse = function (data) {
    var res

    // One (silly) way to make parse() look synchronous...
    this.once('data', function (data) {
        res = data
    })
    this.write(data)

    // ...write() is synchronous
    return res
}

// Instantiate a parser
var p = new Parser({ check: true })

// Parse a valid float
var validfloat = p.parse('123.456 ')
console.log('parsed data is of type', typeof validfloat, 'value', validfloat)

// The following data will produce an invalid float and an error
p.on('error', console.error)
var invalidfloat = p.parse('123.456e1234 ')

Methods

• createParserFromFile(file[, parserOptions, parserEvents, atokOptions]): return a parser class (Function) based on the input file.

  • file {String}: file to read the parser from (.js extension is optional)
  • parserOptions {String}: coma separated list of parser options
  • parserEvents {Object}: events emitted by the parser with their arguments count
  • atokOptions {Object}: tokenizer options

  The following variables are made available to the parser javascript code:

  • atok {_Object_}: atok tokenizer instanciated with provided options. Also set as this.atok DO NOT DELETE
  • self {_Object_}: reference to this

  Predefined methods:

  • write(data)
  • end([data])
  • pause()
  • resume()
  • debug([logger (_Function_)])
  • track(flag (_Boolean_))

  Events automatically forwarded from tokenizer to parser:

  • drain
  • debug

• createParser(data[, parserOptions, parserEvents, atokOptions]): same as createParserFromFile() but with supplied content instead of a file name

  • data {String | Array | Function}: the content to be used, can also be an array of strings or a function. If a function, its parameters are used as parser options unless parserOptions is set

Helpers

Helpers are a set of standard Atok rules organized to match a specific type of data. If the data is encountered, the handler is fired with the results. If not, the rule is ignored. The behaviour of a single helper is the same as a single Atok rule:

• go to the next rule if no match, unless continue(jump, jumpOnFail) was applied to the helper
• go back to the first rule of the rule set upon match, unless continue(jump) was applied to the helper
• next rule set can be set using next(ruleSetId)
• rules can be jumped around by using continue(jump, jumpOnFail). A helper has exactly the size of a single rule, which greatly helps defining complex rules.

// Parse a whitespace separated list of floats
var myParser = [
    'atok.float(function (n) { self.emit("data", n) })'
,	'atok.continue(-1, -2)'
,	'atok.whitespace()'
]

var Parser = require('atok-parser').createParser(myParser)
var p = new Parser

p.on('data', function (num) {
    console.log(typeof num, num)
})
p.end('0.133  0.255')

Arguments are not required. If no handler is specified, the [data] event will be emitted with the corresponding data.

• whitespace(handler): ignore consecutive spaces, tabs, line breaks.
  • handler(whitespace)
• number(handler): process positive integers
  • handler(num)
• float(handler): process float numbers. NB. the result can be an invalid float (NaN or Infinity).
  • handler(floatNumber)
• word(handler): process a word containing letters, digits and underscores
  • handler(word)
• string([start, end, esc,] handler): process a delimited string. If end is not supplied, it is set to start.
  • start {String}: starting pattern (default=")
  • end {String}: ending pattern (default=")
  • esc {String}: escape character (default=)
  • handler(string)
• utf8([start, end,] handler): process a delimited string containing UTF-8 encoded characters. If end is not supplied, it is set to start.
  • start {String}: starting pattern (default=")
  • end {String}: ending pattern (default=")
  • handler(UTF-8String)
• chunk(charSet, handler):
  • charSet {Object}: object defining the charsets to be used as matching characters e.g. { start: 'aA', end 'zZ' } matches all letters
  • handler(chunk)
• stringList([start, end, separator,] handler): process a delimited list of strings
  • start {String}: starting pattern (default=()
  • end {String}: ending pattern (default=))
  • separator {String}: separator character (default=,)
  • handler(listOfStrings)
• match(start, end, stringQuotes, handler): find a matching pattern (e.g. bracket matching), skipping string content if required
  • start {String}: starting pattern to look for
  • end {String}: ending pattern to look for
  • stringQuotes {Array}: array of string delimiters (default=['"', "'"]). Use an empty array to disable string content processing
  • handler(token)
• noop(next): passthrough - does not do anything except applying given properties (useful to branch rules without having to use atok#saveRuleSet() and atok#loadRuleSet())
  • next {String}: next ruleset to load
• wait(atokPattern[...atokPattern], handler): wait for the given pattern. Nothing happens until data is received that triggers the pattern. Must be preceded by continue() to properly work. Typical usage is when expecting a string the starting quote is received but not the end... so wait until then and resume the rules workflow.
• nvp([nameCharSet, separator, endPattern] handler): parse a named value pair (default nameCharSet={ start: 'aA0_', end: 'zZ9_' }, separator==, endPattern={ firstOf: ' \t\n\r' }). Disable endPattern by setting it to '' or [].
  • handler(name, value)

Examples

A set of examples are located under the examples/ directory.